4/7/2023 0 Comments Embryoid body blood islandAFSC, amniotic fluid stem cell DAPI, 4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole RT-PCR, reverse transcription-PCR VPA, valproic acid.Įpigenetic approaches using the histone deacetylase 2 and 3 inhibitor-MI192 have been reported to accelerate stem cells to form mineralised tissues. All images were acquired at ×40 (immunohistochemistry) or ×20 (histology) magnification from a Zeiss Axiovert inverted fluorescence microscope. (f) Immunohistochemistry of sections stained with antibodies (as indicated) targeting cells and tissues derived from the ectoderm (top panel), mesoderm (middle panel), and endoderm (bottom panel) respectively. (e) Histological sections stained with hematoxylin and eosin showing the presence of various tissues derived from three germinal layers: neuronal epithelium (arrow indicating neural tube), squamous epithelium (ectodermal derivatives), bone, cartilage (arrow indicating collagen deposits) and blood vessels (mesodermal derivatives), alveolar tissue (arrow indicating blood islands), and intestinal epithelium (arrow indicating intestinal villi) (endodermal derivatives) neural tube and epithelium and keratinizing epithelium (ectoderm derivates), cartilage (mesoderm derivate), blood island and smooth muscles, gut epithelium and glandular tissue (mesoderm derivates). (d) Human AFSC were subcutaneously injected into immunodeficient mice and formed teratomas. (c) Confocal immunofluorescence staining of EBs embedded in paraffin for Gata4, aFP, Nestin, Laminin, and Map2. (b) RT-PCR in AFSC cultures (undifferentiated, U) and in two EBs (1 and 2) primers are listed in Supplementary Table S2. (a) Phase-contrast image of EBs from AFSC showing peripheral lining, indicated by arrow. Embryoid body (EB) and teratoma formation from first-trimester AFSC cultured in Nutristem supplemented with VPA for 5 days.
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